Amazin' Avenue Book Club: Moneyball, Chapter Ten
This is the tale of Chadwick Lee Bradford. Here is "Chapter Ten: Anatomy Of An Undervalued Pitcher".
Y'all remember side-arming, knuckle-scraping, former Met Bradford:
Bradford's journey from 13th round White Sox draft pick to A's relief ace is recounted. He is taught in high school to drop his arm angle from 12 o'clock to 2 o'clock by Bill "Moose" Perry, his baseball coach and also the chapel leader for the Mets' Double-A team in Jackson, Mississippi. As Bradford continues to move up the ranks, from community college to the minor leagues and eventually the big leagues, his arm drops even lower, eventually to the point where it can't drop any more. And he enjoys increasing levels of success. The White Sox, viewing him as organizational filler, trade him to the A's for Miguel Olivo, with Paul DePodesta the driving force behind the deal. The A's have big plans for the groundball machine with superlative minor league statistics. Bradford goes on to pitch four effective seasons for the A's, with 2002 his career year.
The Bradford story is interwoven with discussion of defense independent pitching statistics (DIPS), the groundbreaking discovery by Voros McCracken. Click here for McCracken's original Baseball Prospectus writeup about DIPS. For the unaware, the idea behind DIPS is that pitchers have little control over the fielding of a ball once it is put into play. Therefore, outcomes the pitcher has more control over -- strikeouts, walks, groundball percentage, flyball percentage, home runs -- are more useful than ERA or W-L record for determining pitcher effectiveness. Some examples of DIPS are FIP, xFIP, tERA and SIERA. Moneyball provided my introduction to DIPS and remains one of the bigger "WOW" moments of my intellectual existence.
The A's Big Three pitchers, Mark Mulder, Barry Zito and Tim Hudson, are brought up in the chapter. A frequent refrain from the anti-Moneyball chorus is that the A's owe their early 2000s success to that trio and not the front office's ability to find cheap, undervalued walk machines. My response is that there might be something to that argument, but why shouldn't the A's front office be credited with drafting them? Mulder was a stud #2 overall pick, but Hudson and Zito were question marks for various reasons. The A's spent draft picks on them as other teams cast doubt on Zito's velocity and Hudson's size.
A poem Bradford composed at age eight entitled "What I Want To Be When I Grow Up" is presented in the chapter. Here it is:
If I were A grown up
I would be a baseball player
And I would play for the Dodgers.
I hope to play for the Cardinals too.
I hope to play for the Oriole too
And for all the teams I would
Play shotestop.
Mets-centric appearances/mentions in Chapter Ten:
- Jeff Tam, former Met
- Turk Wendell, former Met
- Pedro Martinez, former Met
- James Baldwin, former Met
- Aaron Sele, former Met
Discussion questions:
1. General discussion of DIPS. What was your first introduction to the concept? Do you subscribe to it? Which pitching statistics do you prefer?
2. Of Bradford and Darren Oliver, two effective but one-season-and-done relievers on the 2006 Mets, which would you have most wanted in the bullpen from 2007 onward?
3. Sean Green tried to reinvent himself last season as a Bradford-style submarine pitcher and failed miserably. D.J. Carrasco is apparently now trying the same. What are the chances, in percentage form, of the transformation being successful?
4. Mark Mulder pitched just six full seasons in the big leagues. This isn't a question, just a surprising observation.
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Bradford
The beautiful thing about the Bradford story was how his father had had a stroke, and could not raise his arm above his shoulder. Still, his father would go out and play catch with his son, throwing the ball back to Chad Bradford with the side arm motion… Which was eventually emulated by his son.
by Dandy Salderson on Sep 22, 2011 12:09 AM EDT reply actions
Bradford
Still amazing that Omar wasn’t willing to give Bradford a multi year deal, but had no problem giving dreck like Schoeneweis and Mota multi year deals.
by graves9 on Sep 22, 2011 12:38 AM EDT reply actions 3 recs
The best part about the Schoeneweis deal
was that the terms were literally exactly the same (3yrs/$11 million I think) as Bradford got and Bradford’s career ERA to that point was like one and half runs lower.
Interesting to note but
Oliver wasn’t as good during the year he pitched for the Mets as I’d originally thought, after considering his inflated 1.44 HR/9 rate (although granted his HR/FB was disproportionately high) and the aid of a .242 BABIP. Bradford had the far better year, with a better K/BB ratio and an eye-catching 0.15 HR/9. From a pure statistical standpoint, if you were to ask me after 2006 which one I would rather keep if I could only have one, Bradford, being four years younger and more effective at that time, would have been a no-brainer. However, with the benefit of hindsight we can see that Bradford was only able to maintain his ultra-low HR rate for one more season before things started to catch up to him. He last appeared in the bigs in 2009, and I’m assuming he started battling injuries as well sometime after leaving the Mets. Looking back at Oliver though, that HR/9 rate has come down every year since he left the Mets, and if he decides to pitch in 2012, he’ll probably be the best lefty reliever available in free agency this offseason. Statistically, I don’t think there’s any way we could have foreseen based on his 2006 performance what Oliver would accomplish from 2007-present. Of course Omar, in his infinite wisdom, wound up passing on both of these guys, which is cool I guess since the 2007 NL East title was as good as in the bag. Ouch.
It's funny how Oliver's HR% have reached career lows
pitching in a HR-friendly park like Rangers’ Ballpark in Arlington.
Save Jenrry Mejia!
Keep Reyes, Trade Wilpon.
The thing I find interesting was that Oliver said he was going to retire if he didn't make the 2006 Mets.
I guess his success changed that. Based on his mediocre career a starter, I didn’t understand at the time why they’d want him in the bullpen but wow, was I wrong. The guy has been incredible out of the pen the last five years and it’s a shame they didn’t hang onto him (not only did he pitch well but I’m pretty sure he’s been a Type A free agent at least once, maybe twice since he left the Mets). But at the time, I was more outraged that they didn’t keep Bradford…I still looked at Oliver as a fluke.
Chamption of the R.A. Dickey Face contest and "Cromulent Photoshopper Extraordinaire" of Amazin' Avenue!
You might know me as mistermet.
by Steve Schreiber on Sep 22, 2011 11:31 AM EDT up reply actions
1. I was introduced to DIPS theory right here! Personally I like FIP but I do look at GB and FB percentages to see if they are crazy.
2. Oliver. Bradford seemed primed to make a fair amount of money so I didn’t have a problem of letting him go in theory.
3. 50/50.
4. It’s funny that the guy who was the slam-dunk #2 overall pick winded up having the most troubles. There’s a traditionalist/scouting joke to be made here.
Save Jenrry Mejia!
Keep Reyes, Trade Wilpon.
I don't really think the A's were entirely built around the big three
By 2005, only Zito was still there and they still won 88 games that season and 93 in 2006. Even in 2004 when they won 91 games, Mulder and Zito basically had league average ERA’s.
Discussion Questions:
1. I was introduced to DIPS theory on the Out of the Park Baseball board. OotPB has based its pitching engine on DIPS for the past seven editions (past six and current).
2. Bradford, because I had him on my Strat-O-Matic keeper league team.
3. 15%
4. I did not know that. I had Mulder and Hudson on my Strat team, also, along with Chad Fox. I was lucky I got out when I did.
Sorry, didn't answer all of 1.
I do believe in DIPS, and my favorite pitching stat is OBPIPAgainst, which I invented. One reason I like it is because I can calculate it myself, and it does include walks and home runs allowed in its calculation.
I heard david cone trying to explain FIP to Michael Kay on the yankees broadcast yesterday
I had more success explaining to my dog.
I believe in one Dickey, Maker of knuckles and balls
by HotChipWillBreakYourLegs on Sep 22, 2011 6:48 AM EDT reply actions
DIPS
I was introduced to DIPS when it appeared on BPro, back in the day. My older brother was a math major at the time (now an actuary), and they used to look at this stuff in class. I was in high school when BPro first came out – it was basically a blog before their were blogs. It was nothing like it is now – it was a bunch of brilliant people arguing with each other all the time, and the stuff they were looking at hadnt been dissected to death yet. Half of the people into this stuff, including my brother and I, were just trying to get an edge in their roto leagues.
People bought in to a degree – it was an interesting data point – but the big counter argument was Gregg Maddux, who was a real hero to the stat crowd back then (kind of the opposite of now). Everyone knew that Maddux could control balls in play with his pitching mastery, so this theory couldnt be 100% true…. but it was true for mortal pitchers. That was conventional wisdom.
Voros McCracken would chat all day on the Baseball Primer forums – now BTF. The guy was a troll. Not like the AA trolls who are usually metsblog or wfan holdovers, McCracken was a brilliant guy, but he would flame the board constantly and get into personal fights every time anyone disagreed with something he said.
As for now, I use xfip as my main reference point, but I would love to see something that incorporates GB/FB/LD (its probably out there but I dont know).
The original BPro crew – Papas, Law, Huckabay, Chirs (not yet Christina) Kahrl, Jazayerli, even Sheehan and Davenport, man they were incredible writers. I used to look forward to those columns the way I now look forward to Posnanski. Havent been on BPro for years though, not since the likes of Will Carroll held it hostage.
by Dandy Salderson on Sep 22, 2011 9:21 AM EDT reply actions
tRA incorporates batted ball types
In lobby for: Jaime Cevallos, Zack Lutz, orange unis and Rickroll as the 7th inning song.
The Unwritten Rules of AA
Awesome
Thanks. Of course fg is on top of it…
by Dandy Salderson on Sep 22, 2011 9:51 AM EDT up reply actions
You bring up an interesting point
regarding Maddux. I’m wondering what players back in the early days of BPro were the favorites & the heels. And I’m surprised that Maddux isn’t loved by the stat crowd now. A control machine who misses bats, pitches a shit ton of great innings, gets plenty of groundballs & was nicknamed The Professor should get a ton of love. Yeah, he’s not Perdo, but he was still pretty freaking awesome.
What's that about?
Erubiel Durazo comes to mind
There was Free Erubiel Durazo campaign for years…
Ken Phelps, Jay Buhner, Olerud, Cust… There were no defensive metrics to speak of back then, so the high walk / high power guys were the ones that got love.
by Dandy Salderson on Sep 22, 2011 3:13 PM EDT up reply actions
I remember rooting for Durazo to make it.
I would always make him my first expansion draft pick in baseball video games that had the feature.
Save Jenrry Mejia!
Keep Reyes, Trade Wilpon.
The quotes of the Chapter
To place a premium on velocity for its own sake was like placing a premium on a big vocabulary for its own sake.
“Here was this guy who was telling me that at least eighty percent of what baseball announcers told me was complete bullshit, and then explained very convincingly why it was.”
What happened next bolsters one’s faith in the American educational system: Voros McCracken set out to prove himself wrong.
“The problem with major league baseball,” (Voros) said, “is that it’s a self-populating institution. Knowledge is institutionalized. The people involved with baseball who aren’t players are ex-players. In their defense, their structure is not set up along corporate lines. They aren’t equipped to evaluate their own systems. They don’t have the mechanism to let in the good and get rid of the bad. They either keep everything or get rid of everything, and they rarely do the latter.”
What's that about?
Now, the Chapter discussion questions
1. I learned DIPS here when I joined last year. I forget the specific post(it might’ve been when SIERA debuted a month later), but I just picked up on it the more i posted. Yes, I am a subscriber to DIPS theory. Of the pitching stats, I prefer FIP the most. I also like the DIPS stats that incorporate batted ball types like SIERA & tRA. There are probably more stats that are out there that I should read up on.
2. Of the two, I probably would’ve kept Bradford. Bradford’s motion would have made him a threat to both lefties and righties, & I’m not sure if Oliver would’ve been able to had success against right handed batters. Although, i would’ve offered Bradford a two year deal at most. Going past that is a risk not worth taking.
3. Um, 10%. They both didn’t have much control & they don’t miss bats so I’m not entirely sure how successful they’d be. The only benefit is if they became extreme groubndball pitchers, but even that might not be enough.
4. I had forgotten about him. After he got traded for Haren(well played by Beane), he just fell off the Earth. Just taking a quick look at his Fangraphs page, he wasn’t as good as I thought he was when I was a teenager(GB% excluded). That goes for Barry Zito too, & I kinda undersold Tim Hudson. He was really good & I forget what Beane got back for him when Hudson was traded to Atlanta.
What's that about?

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